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Coffee Bean types of coffee beans: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee lover, you likely already know that different beans produce varying flavor profiles. Read on to learn about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a variety of Liberica that is only grown in Southeast Asia. They have a fruitier and tarter flavor, and are often added to blends of coffee to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica coffee beans make up 75% of all global production. Arabica beans are sweeter and milder in flavor than Robusta and come in a variety profiles. The flavor and aroma of coffee is affected by the conditions in which it is grown and the processing methods employed.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word for berry, and Lavazza coffee beans beans are actually fruit seeds that grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were invigorated by eating the fruits. The cultivation of coffee spread quickly around the world.

Coffee beans can be grown at high altitudes, and thrive in cool temperatures and lots of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is considered to be the best tasting kind of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on the ethical sourcing of arabica beans, focusing on fair wages for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique signature coffees that can be used in different brewing methods. Blending gives control over the aroma, flavor and body, as well as the acidity of coffee. It is generally utilized to create an even and balanced taste that appeals to a broad market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most common type of coffee bean cultivated worldwide. They contain more caffeine per bean and are more protected against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids which are antioxidants naturally found in. These acids can cause oxidation in the coffee brewing and produce undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more resilient than arabica, able to grow in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand higher temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a efficient crop to grow.

While it may sound counterintuitive the fact is that arabica and Robusta beans are often blended to make coffee blends. If you've noticed the names of countries like Uganda or Kenya listed on a coffee bag it's likely there's some robusta as well.

The majority of roasters make use of a mix of arabica and coffee beans to lower costs and ensure the quality. To preserve the integrity of flavor you must select a high quality bean from a trusted source. The best way to achieve this is to purchase your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans are more or less football-shaped, which makes them distinct from other coffee bean types. They have a distinct aroma that is floral and fruity with smoky undertones. They are often added to other beans to give a more intense, fuller flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as well as in Southeast Asia. They can thrive in low altitudes and tolerate humid, hot climates. They also have a more resistant to diseases than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal for growing at home. The seeds can be found on the internet from several sources, but it's recommended to purchase from local producers to ensure the quality of the beans. The ideal conditions for the cultivation of Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils that have a pH that is moderately acidic as well as sufficient annual rainfall.

Another type of coffee bean is Excelsa which was originally considered a distinct species, but has been re-classified as a variation of Liberica. These coffee beans are elongated ovals that are grown on large 20 to 30 feet coffee plants that are located at medium altitudes. Their unique flavor is tart and sour, making them a popular choice for blends in the home. They have a less pronounced scent and a lower caffeine content than Arabica or Robusta but still have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most popular kind of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't quite so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. In fact they were considered to be a separate coffee plant species until 2006 when they were changed to a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7% the world's production of coffee. The coffee beans have a distinctive teardrop shape and carry an intriguing dark flavor. These beans are often utilized to give blends extra body and a rich tart taste of ripe fruit.

Arabica beans are the most well-known, and Lavazza Coffee Beans are known for having the most delicious taste. They thrive best at high altitudes and have warm, tropical climates. They also have a touch of acidity. When roasted and brewed correctly they may impart notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is a close second to Arabica and accounts for around 40 percent of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are smaller and more round, but have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They are also bitterer than the other two types and have an earthy, woody taste.

After having a better understanding of the four most popular types, it's now time to choose your favorite brew. If you prefer a delicate and smooth flavor opt for an arabica or a blend made up of arabica beans and robusta beans.